SUTRA
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
SUTRA is the USGS finite-element simulator for saturated–unsaturated, variable-density groundwater flow in 2D and 3D, coupled with solute or energy transport. It is a standard tool for seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers, contaminant plumes, ground heat storage and shallow geothermal problems. Version 4.0 adds freeze–thaw simulation and user-selectable saturation relations. Suited to hydrogeologists, environmental engineers and geotechnical engineers dealing with subsurface water. Limitations: the engine itself is driven by text input files, so mesh preparation and result display rely on companion tools such as ModelMuse or SutraPrep; the ready-made executable is for Windows only, and other systems require compiling the source code.
Ratings & Reviews
| Licence type | Completely Free, Open Source |
|---|---|
| Licence terms | US government (USGS) software in the public domain: free of charge, with no licence and no restrictions on use, including commercial work. Source code is included in the download. |
| Platforms | Windows |
| Engineering field | Geotechnical Engineering, Environmental & Water |
| Tool type | Hydrology & Drainage, Numerical & Mathematics, Simulation & FEA |
| Vendor site | www.usgs.gov |
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Last verified: 2026-10-06
